Dementia Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Acarbose Use and Its Joint Effects with Metformin and Pioglitazone

Tseng Chin-Hsiao

Table 3 The effects of acarbose on dementia risk with regards to exposure to metformin and/or pioglitazone.

Models n N Person-years Incidence rate (per 100,000 person-years) Adjusted hazard ratio 95% Confidence interval P-value 1.Patients with metformin Acarbose never users 131 9374 39407.59 332.42 1.000 Acarbose ever users 127 9370 40996.20 309.78 1.023 (0.798-1.312) 0.8559 2.Patients without metformin Acarbose never users 133 6150 25426.78 523.07 1.000 Acarbose ever users 104 6154 27359.18 380.13 0.635 (0.481-0.837) 0.0013 3.Patients with pioglitazone Acarbose never users 27 1397 6101.85 442.49 1.000 Acarbose ever users 13 1415 6098.01 213.18 0.598 (0.303-1.180) 0.1382 4.Patients without pioglitazone Acarbose never users 237 14127 58732.51 403.52 1.000 Acarbose ever users 218 14109 62257.37 350.16 0.877 (0.728-1.055) 0.1644 5.Joint effects of metformin, pioglitazone and acarbose Group 0: Metformin (-) / Pioglitazone (-) / Acarbose (-) 126 5647 23323.77 540.22 1.000 Group 1: Metformin (-) / Pioglitazone (-) / Acarbose (+) 97 5600 24953.18 388.73 0.643 (0.489-0.845) 0.0015 Group 2: Metformin (-) / Pioglitazone (+) / Acarbose (-) 7 503 2103.01 332.86 0.635 (0.295-1.369) 0.2466 Group 3: Metformin (-) / Pioglitazone (+) / Acarbose (+) 7 554 2405.99 290.94 0.603 (0.281-1.295) 0.1945 Group 4: Metformin (+) / Pioglitazone (-) / Acarbose (-) 111 8480 35408.74 313.48 0.596 (0.457-0.779) 0.0002 Group 5: Metformin (+) / Pioglitazone (-) / Acarbose (+) 121 8509 37304.19 324.36 0.691 (0.535-0.893) 0.0048 Group 6: Metformin (+) / Pioglitazone (+) / Acarbose (-) 20 894 3998.85 500.14 1.104 (0.683-1.784) 0.6870 Group 7: Metformin (+) / Pioglitazone (+) / Acarbose (+) 6 861 3692.01 162.51 0.406 (0.178-0.925) 0.0320