Comorbid Chronic Diseases are Strongly Correlated with Disease Severity among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Liu Hong, Chen Shiyan, Liu Min, Nie Hao, Lu Hongyun

Table 2 Characteristics of the included studies grouped by severe and non-severe cases and meta-analysis of the clinical symptoms and comorbid chronic diseases in patients with COVID-19.

Study[ref]a n Symptoms(%) Comorbidities(%) non-severe severe fever cough fatigue or myalgia shortness of breath or dyspnea diarrhea diabetes hypertension CAD/CVD chronic pulmonary disease All M F age All M F age mild severe mild severe mild severe mild severe mild severe mild severe mild severe mild severe mild severe Guan et al.,2020 [3] 926 540 386 45.0 173 100 73 52.0 88.1 91.9 67.3 70.5 37.8 39.9 15.1 37.6 3.5 5.8 5.7 16.2 13.5 23.7 1.8 5.8 0.6 3.5 Huang et al.,2020[18] 28 19 9 49.0 13 11 2 49.0 96.0 100.0 71.0 85.0 39.0 54.0 37.0 92.0 4.0 0.0 25.0 8.0 14.0 15.0 11.0 23.0 0.0 8.0 Yang et al.,2020 [6] 20 14 6 51.9 32 21 11 64.6 100.0 97.0 75.0 78.0 10.0 12.5 60.0 66.0 b b 10.0 22.0 b b 10.0 9.0 10.0 6.0 Xu et.al.,2020 [19] 29 16 13 39 33 19 14 45 83 73 79 82 45 58 b b 0 9 0.0 3.0 3.0 12.0 b b 0 3.0 Zhang et al.,2020[15] 82 38 44 51.5 58 33 25 64.0 72.0 87.9 54.9 77.6 62.2 67.2 24.4 41.4 11.0 15.5 11.0 13.8 24.4 37.9 3.7 6.9 0.0 3.4 Wang et al.,2020 [5] 102 53 51 51.0 36 22 14 66.0 98.0 100.0 59.8 58.3 35.3 33.3 19.6 63.9 7.8 16.7 5.9 22.2 21.6 58.3 10.8 25.0 1.0 8.3 Li et al.,2020[12] 58 29 29 41.9 25 15 10 53.7 86.2 88.0 70.7 96.0 17.2 20.0 3.4 28.0 8.6 8.0 0.0 28.0 5.2 8.0 0.0 4.0 1.7 16.0 Shi et al.,2020 [23] 334 161 173 60 82 44 38 74 81.1 76.8 34.7 34.1 12 18.3 27.2 31.7 4.5 1.2 12 24.4 23.4 59.8 6 29.3 1.8 8.5 Bhatraju etal.,2020[24] b b b b 24 15 9 64.0 b 50.0 b 88.0 b b b 88.0 b b b 58.0 b b b b b 16.7 Feng et al.,2020 [25] b b b b 476 271 205 b 0 85.9 0 59.4 0 12.6 0 24.4 0 11.0 0 10.3 0 23.7 0 8.0 0 4.6 Du et al.,2020 [26] 158 87 71 56 21 10 11 70.2 98.7 100 83.5 66.7 36.7 61.9 44.9 85.7 19.6 38.1 17.1 28.6 28.5 61.9 10.8 57.1 5.1 0 Liu et al.,2020 [27] 67 32 35 37 11 7 4 66 b b 44.8 46.4 b b b b b b 4.5 18.2 9 18.2 b b 1.5 9.1 Grasselli et al.,2020[28] b b b b 1591 1304 287 63 b b b b b b b b b b b 11.3 b 32 b 14 b 2.6 Simonnet et al.,2020[30] b b b b 124 90 34 60 b b b b b b b b b b b 22.6 b 48.4 b b b b Total/Overall 1840 989 817 43.8c (37.0-60.0)d 2699 1962 737 60.9c (45.0-74.0) d Prevalencee 90.0 99.0 64.0 71.0 32.0 37.0 27.0 55.0 8.0 8.0 95% CI 86.0-95.0 98.0-100.0 52.0-75.0 60.0-81.0 21.0-44.0 24.0-50.0 17.0-36.0 39.0-71.0 4.0-11.0 4.0-13.0 Qf I2 (%) 95.5 94.0 95.4 91.7 95.6 94.2 94.4 95.9 81.2 92.5