Targeting AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Aging-Related Cardiovascular Diseases

Li Tian, Mu Nan, Yin Yue, Yu Lu, Ma Heng

Table 1 Protective mechanisms of AMPK signaling in myocardium.

Models Regulation Effects References C57BL/6 mice Oxidative stress FGF19 activates AMPK to prevent ROS production protect the diabetic cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress induced damage Li et al. (2018) [14] H9C2 cells / Diabetic mice Oxidative stress and Inflammation Fortunellin protects against fructose-induced inflammation and oxidative stress by enhancing AMPK/Nrf2 pathway Zhao et al. (2017) [16] Sprague-Dawley rats Oxidative stress and Apoptosis Pterostilbene activates AMPK to suppress cardiac oxidative stress and apoptosis Kosuru et al. (2018) [17] Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes Oxidative stress Resveratrol inhibits ROS production by increasing phosphorylation of AMPK Guo et al. (2015) [19] H9C2 cells/C57BL/6 mice Oxidative stress and Apoptosis Melatonin inhibits apoptosis and oxidative stress via the activation of AMPK and upregulation of PGC1α with its downstream signaling Liu et al. (2018) [33] H9c2 cells Autophagy AMPK restores autophagy and protects against cardiac apoptosis. He et al. (2013) [39] FNDC5(irisin-precursor) homozygous knockout (FNDC5-KO) mice / Cardiomyocytes from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats Autophagy Irisin protects against cardiac hypertrophy by inducing protective autophagy and autophagy flux via activating AMPK-ULK1 signaling Li et al. (2018) [41] APN knockout (APNKO) mice Apoptosis and Inflammation Adiponectin knockout exacerbates LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction Ren et al. (2016) [56] H9c2 cells Inflammation AMPK activation inhibits mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6 Chen et al. (2018) [54]