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Clinical Factors Associated with Progression and Prolonged Viral Shedding in COVID-19 Patients: A Multicenter Study
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Feng Zhichao, Li Jennifer, Yao Shanhu, Yu Qizhi, Zhou Wenming, Mao Xiaowen, Li Huiling, Kang Wendi, Ouyang Xin, Mei Ji, Zeng Qiuhua, Liu Jincai, Ma Xiaoqian, Rong Pengfei, Wang Wei
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| Table 3 Comparison between hypertensive patients on ACEI/ARB therapy and on non-ACEI/ARB therapy (n = 65). |
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| Characteristics | ACEI/ARB (n = 16) | Non-ACEI/ARB (n = 49) | P |
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| Age (years) | 57 (51-65) | 63 (53-69) | 0.106 | | Male gender | 10 (62.5%) | 23 (46.9%) | 0.280 | | Smoking history | 2 (12.5%) | 5 (10.2%) | 0.836 | | Comorbidity | | | | | Diabetes | 2 (12.5%) | 18 (36.7%) | 0.131 | | Cardiovascular disease | 0 (0) | 8 (16.3%) | 0.198 | | COPD | 0 (0) | 1 (2.0%) | 0.553 | | Cerebrovascular disease | 0 (0) | 3 (6.1%) | 0.311 | | Chronic renal disease | 1 (6.3%) | 1 (2.0%) | 0.435 | | Hepatitis B infection | 0 (0) | 2 (4.1%) | 0.412 | | Obesity | 1 (6.3%) | 10 (20.4%) | 0.354 | | Medication history | | | | | Aspirin | 0 (0) | 3 (6.1%) | 0.311 | | Statins | 1 (6.3%) | 2 (4.1%) | 0.743 | | Metformin | 1 (6.3%) | 8 (16.3%) | 0.551 | | Other oral hypoglycemic agents | 1 (6.3%) | 10 (20.4%) | 0.354 | | Insulin | 0 (0) | 2 (4.1%) | 0.412 | | Systolic pressure, mmHg | 132 (120-137) | 136 (120-146) | 0.107 | | Diastolic pressure, mmHg | 80 (71-89) | 80 (78-87) | 0.547 | | Hemoglobin, g/L | 133 (125-150) | 133 (118-138) | 0.060 | | Platelet count, ×109/L | 181 (135-241) | 182 (147-239) | 0.837 | | Blood leukocyte count, ×109/L | 5.5 (4.6-6.5) | 5.2 (3.9-7.0) | 0.698 | | Neutrophil count, × 10?/L | 3.7 (3.1-4.4) | 3.7 (2.4-4.8) | 0.733 | | Lymphocyte count, × 10?/L | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) | 1.0 (0.7-1. 5) | 0.322 | | Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 28.9 (16.2-40.7) | 23.0 (17.2-31.5) | 0.590 | | Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | 25.0 (20.0-30.9) | 26.3 (20.0-36.3) | 0.800 | | Total bilirubin, μmol/L | 12.6 (10.3-19.9) | 12.5 (9.5-19.0) | 0.634 | | Albumin, g/L | 38.4 (34.6-44.5) | 37.0 (32.2-40.4) | 0.185 | | Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 4.8 (4.1-5.8) | 4.5 (3.7-6.5) | 0.611 | | Creatinine, μmol/L | 64.7 (44.9-82.1) | 63.3 (51.2-78.7) | 0.877 | | Sodium, mmol/L | 136.3 (134.7-137.2) | 137.5 (134.6-140.6) | 0.252 | | Potassium, mmol/L | 4.0 (3.6-4.4) | 3.9 (3.5-4.2) | 0.438 | | Creatine kinase, U/L | 118.5 (64.6-187.3) | 64.5 (46.5-147.2) | 0.083 | | Lactose dehydrogenase, U/L | 184.0 (157.1-281.7) | 238.0 (164.1-315.2) | 0.301 | | D-dimer ≥ 0.05 mg/L | 10 (62.5%) | 27 (55.1%) | 0.604 | | Procalcitonin ≥ 0.05 ng/L | 6 (37.5%) | 27 (55.1%) | 0.221 | | C-reactive protein ≥ 10 mg/L | 11 (68.8%) | 41 (83.7%) | 0.195 | | Abnormal CT findings | 15 (93.8%) | 46 (93.9%) | 0.985 | | Lung CT score | 7 (3-14) | 10 (5-16) | 0.258 | | Combined treatments after admission | | | | Antiviral therapy | 15 (93.8%) | 45 (91.8%) | 0.803 | | Interferon α | 8 (50.0%) | 35 (71.4%) | 0.116 | | Intravenous antibiotics | 12 (75.0%) | 34 (69.4%) | 0.668 | | Severe or critical illnesses | 1 (6.3%) | 16 (32.7%) | 0.037 |
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