Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide: A Promising Neuroprotective Peptide in Stroke

Fang Yuanjian, Ren Reng, Shi Hui, Huang Lei, Lenahan Cameron, Lu Qin, Tang Lihui, Huang Yi, Tang Jiping, Zhang Jianmin, Zhang John H

Table 1 The approaches of PACAP38 administration in stroke.

Year Author Animal Model Administration Routes Starting time Duration Best dosage 1996 Uchida D. et.al.[15] Rats Transient global ischemia i.c.v. i.v. Post-surgery Post-surgery and post-24h Continuous 1pmol/h 16pmol/h and 160pmol/h 1998 Somogyvari-vigh A. et.al.[172] Rats Transient global ischemia i.v. Post-24h Single with continuous 5nmol/kg with 160pmol/h 1998 Shioda F. et.al.[43] Rats Transient global ischemia i.c.v. Pre-48h Continuous 1pmol/h 2000 Reglodi D. et.al.[98] Rats tMCAO i.v. Post-6h Single with continuous 20nmol/kg with 160pmol/h 2000 Reglodi D. et.al.[99] Rats tMCAO i.v. Post-4h, 8h, 12h Single with continuous 5nmol/rat with 160pmol/h 2002 Dohi K. et.al.[44] Rats tMCAO i.c.v. Pre-48h Continuous 1pmol/h 2002 Yan D. et.al.[114] Rats Transient global ischemia i.c.v. Pre-15min Single 10nmol/rat 2002 Tamas A. et.al.[96] Rats pMCAO i.c.v. Pre-surgery Single 450pmol/rat 2002&2004 Reglodi D. et.al.[157, 171] Rats pMCAO i.c.v. Pre-surgery Single 2μg/rat 2006 Chen Y. et.al.[97] Mice pMCAO i.c.v. i.v. Post-1h Single 40pmol/mouse 0.75nmol/mouse 2009 Lenti L. et.al.[130] Newborn pigs CO2 ventilation induced transient global ischemia Directive expose Pre-CO2 ventilation Continuous 10pmol/L 2010 Stetler RA. et.al.[141] Rats Transient global ischemia i.c.v. Pre-24, 12, 6h Single 200pmol/rat 2012 Lazarovici P. et.al,[156] Rats tMCAO i.v. Post-2h Single 30ng/kg 2012 Nakamachi T. et.al.[152] Mice Transient global ischemia i.c.v. Post-surgery Single 1pmol/mice 2014 Hori M. et. al.[153] Mice pMCAO i.c.v. Post-surgery Single 1pmol/mice 2014 Lin C. et al.[93] Rats Transient global ischemia i.p. Post-4h Single 10μg/kg 2015 Brifault C. et.al.[154] Mice pMCAO i.c.v. Post-72h Single PACAP-producing-stem cell