Circular RNAs: Promising Biomarkers for Age-related Diseases

Pan Yan-hong, Wu Wei-peng, Xiong Xing-dong

Table 1 CircRNAs as potential biomarkers for age-related diseases.

Diseases Type of diseases circRNAs Expression Biological function Refs. Cardio-cerebrovascular disease Heart failure circHRCR Downregulated Inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure by sponging miR-223 [44] Myocardial infarction circMFACR Upregulated Mediates cardiomyocyte death via miRNA-dependent upregulation of MTP18 expression [47] Cardiac senescence circFoxo3 Upregulated Promotes cardiac senescence by arrest ID-1, E2F1, FAK, and HIF1a in the cytoplasm [18] Atherosclerosis circANRIL Downregulated Controls ribosome biogenesis through binding to PES1 and modulates pathways of atherogenesis [45] Coronary artery disease hsa_circ_0124644 Upregulated Potential diagnostic biomarker of CAD in the peripheral blood [46] hsa_circ_0001879 Upregulated A novel biomarker to diagnose CAD [48] hsa_circ_0004104 Upregulated A novel biomarker to diagnose CAD [48] Stroke circDLGAP Downregulated Ameliorates ischemic stroke outcomes by targeting miR-143 [49] circHECTD1 Upregulated Contributes to astrocyte activation and cerebral infarction by targeting miR-142-TIPARP [52] circFUNDC1 Upregulated Biomarker for AIS diagnosis and prediction of outcomes [50] circPDS5B Upregulated Biomarker for AIS diagnosis and prediction of outcomes [50] circCDC14A Upregulated Biomarker for AIS diagnosis and prediction of outcomes [50] Neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease ciRS-7 Downregulated Regulates the expression of UBE2A by sponging miR-7 [57] disease Parkinson’s disease ciRS-7 Upregulated Modulates the α-synuclein aggregation pattern in PD by targeting miR-7 [59] Multiple system atrophy circIQCK Upregulated Potential biomarker for MSA [60] circMAP4K3 Upregulated Potential biomarker for MSA [60] circEFCAB11 Upregulated Potential biomarker for MSA [60] circDTNA Upregulated Potential biomarker for MSA [60] circMCTP1 Upregulated Potential biomarker for MSA [60] Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hsa_circ_0023919 Downregulated Blood biomarker for ALS [62] hsa_circ_0063411 Upregulated Blood biomarker for ALS [62] hsa_circ_0088036 Upregulated Blood biomarker for ALS [62] Cancer Prostate cancer circCSNK1G3 Upregulated Promotes cell growth by interacting with miR-181 [65] circAMOTL1L Downregulated Facilitates cell migration and invasion through binding miR-193a-5p [66] circ_0044516 Upregulated Promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation and metastasis and serves as a potential biomarker [67] Breast cancer circCNOT2 Upregulated A useful biomarker to choose the right type of therapy or to monitor breast cancer [68] circEPSTI1 Upregulated Regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis of TNBC by targeting BCL11A via miR-4753/6809 [69] hsa_circ_001783 Upregulated Correlates with tumor burden and serves as a novel prognostic and therapeutic target for breast cancer [70] Colorectal cancer circKLDHC10 Upregulated Potential circulating biomarker for CRC diagnosis [56] circ_0001178 Upregulated Promising biomarker for liver metastases from CRC [71] circ_0000826 Upregulated Promising biomarker for liver metastases from CRC [71] circCCDC66 Upregulated Predictive biomarker for CRC detection and prognosis [72] Diabetes Diabetes hsa_circ_0054633 Upregulated Circulating diagnostic biomarker for pre-diabetes and T2DM [77] hsa_circ_11783-2 Downregulated Closely related to T2DM and might be novel therapeutic targets in diabetes [78] Diabetic retinopathy circ_0005015 Upregulated Facilitates retinal endothelial angiogenic function via sponging miR-519d-3p [80] circHIPK3 Upregulated Regulates retinal endothelial cell function and vascular dysfunction by sponging miR-30a [81] Diabetic cataract circKMT2E Upregulated Involves in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract [82] Other diseases Rheumatoid arthritis hsa_circ_0044235 Downregulated Potential diagnostic biomarker of RA patients [86] Osteoporosis circRUNX2 Downregulated Promotes the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins by sponging miR-203 [90] circ_0002060 Upregulated Potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in osteoporosis [91]